Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe Essay Example for Free

Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe Essay Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was a German essayist and polymath, thinking back to the 1800s. Goethe is viewed as the preeminent virtuoso of current German writing. Despite the fact that he was alive such a long time ago, the thoughts he put out there are as yet relevant to the advanced world, for example, my own life, late films, and recent developments. Goethe thought of this perspective on life: Until one is submitted there is reluctance, the opportunity to step back, consistently incapability. Concerning all demonstrations of activity (and creation) there is one basic truth, the numbness of which executes innumerable thoughts and awesome plans that the second one unquestionably submits oneself, at that point fortune moves as well. A wide range of things happen to help that could never have in any case happened. An entire stream of occasions issues from the choice ascending in one’s kindness all way of unanticipated, occurrences and meeting and material help, which no man could have envisioned would have come his direction. Whatever you can do, or dream you can, start it. Intensity has virtuoso, demonstrated and enchantment in it. Start it now! Goethe’s quote is a well known fact. His way of thinking is even demonstrated in my life. A venture was given to me that I developed severe dislike for. Delaying until several days prior to the due date, I got resentful and overpowered. I began persuading myself I was unable to do it. My mom stated, â€Å"you’re making it harder than what it is. Do your examination. Let the thoughts come to you. It will all meet up once you start. Quit putting it off and do what needs to be done. â€Å" With that at the top of the priority list, I focused my fixation to my venture and only my undertaking. Thoughts continued coming to me as I let my psyche and words stream. I turned into the individual I expected to claim to be for the task. I finished it to my best capacity. I even shown up of my venture remarkable. My educator was so intrigued with my work that she introduced it to the class, and it was passed around the room. Everything happened on the grounds that I concentrated my brain on that particular objective. The film Forrest Gump is a record-breaking top pick. The fundamental character was focused on each assignment he was given. One day he chose to run, and he stumbled into the United States. It took him 3 years, 2 months, 14 days and 16 hours until he believed he was done. Besides, while he was at camp in the military, everything he did was play ping-pong. All he contemplated was ping-pong. He even played ping-pong in his rest. He was so acceptable an entire group would come to watch him play. In any event, when he was in the military and went to spare his â€Å"best great friend† Bubba, he didn’t stop until he discovered him. He spared his entire detachment that day while scanning for Bubba. Each time he was on a crucial had an objective, he would guide all his concentration to that specific goal. He had the capacity to concentrate on anything and do it to his maximum capacity. On the planet today, we are in a financial emergency. Organizations lay off laborers; in this way, there are heaps of jobless individuals. Since they have no occupations, they are not getting cash. Organizations aren’t selling much since individuals have no cash to purchase things that are not necessities. There is no progression of cash. Everybody is reluctant to put their money out there on the grounds that they are terrified by the way that they probably won't be effective and wouldn’t have enough to purchase necessities any longer. There is ineffectualness and aversion on the planet. Nobody needs to face a challenge and be focused on a certain something. When individuals commit themselves to fixing the economy, it will occur. In any case, everybody is looking out for another person to do it. Much the same as in the extraordinary wretchedness, everybody was reluctant to take care of the issue, until everybody said nothing more will be tolerated and were committed to fixing the issue; and look what happened hence. We settled the emergency. In my last investigation, numerous individuals are not engaged and are stressed over something over the top. Concentrate on a certain something and concede to it. Everything an individual does ought to be there main focus. By doing this, one will accomplish their objective and perhaps more than anticipated. Goethe’s theory tells the best way to arrive at an objective: Focus, submit, and do it. Much the same as Nike, an effective shoe organization, says, â€Å"Just do it† and anything you desire to occur, will occur.

British Airways PLC Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

English Airways PLC - Research Paper Example Moreover, The present proportion above shows that the complete resources for the year 2006 was 1.18 occasions the absolute liabilities of the year. This implies the organization will have the option to pay all their present liabilities just as long haul liabilities when the developing date for their installments show up. Likewise, the 2007 current proportion is superior to the 2006 current proportion. The Debt to Equity proportion above shows that the complete liabilities for the year 2007 was 4.15 occasions the all out value of the year. This implies the organization has four and 15/100 times assets originating from the banks than the investors. The Debt to Equity proportion above shows that the complete liabilities for the year 2006 was 5.54 occasions the all out value of the year. This implies the organization has five and 54/100 times assets originating from the leasers than the investors. Furthermore, the 2007 obligation to value proportion is superior to the 2006 obligation to value proportion. The Gross Profit proportion above shows that the gross benefit for the year 2007 was twenty eight percent of the net deals. This implies the organization was beneficial this year as far as cost of deals alone. The Gross Profit proportion above shows that the gross benefit for the year 2006 was twenty nine percent of the net deals. This implies the organization was beneficial this year regarding cost of deals alone. The Gross Profit proportion above shows that the gross benefit for the year 2006 was twenty nine percent of the net deals. This implies the organization was productive this year regarding cost of deals alone. Unfortunately, the gross benefit proportion for 2006 shows a superior image of the organization when contrasted with the 2007 gross benefit proportion. The Net Profit proportion above shows that the Net benefit for the year 2007 was three percent of the net incomes. This implies the organization was productive this year as far as cost of deals in addition to promoting and managerial cost. The Net Profit proportion above shows that the Net benefit for the year 2006 was five percent of the net incomes. This implies the organization was beneficial this year as far as cost of deals in addition to advertising and regulatory cost. Unfortunately, the net benefit proportion for 2006 shows a superior image of the organization when contrasted with the 2007 gross benefit proportion. Further, British Airways Chief Executive Willie Walsh was reasonable in expressing This is another acceptable arrangement of results in spite of taking off fuel expenses and challenges in the market. Income up somebody percent and a solid cost execution has prompted a working benefit up 28.5 percent. While fuel costs in the initial a half year were down 36 million, they have taken off 72 million in the second from last quarter. on February, 2008. This depends on the above calculations done in exceed expectations arrangement and duplicate - glued to this record. Reference: http://stocks.us.reuters.com/stocks/ratios.aspsymt B. Consumer loyalty English Airways PLC is occupied with the activity of global and household shipping of air travelers, cargo and other non - human freight both locally or universally like the part conditions of the European Union. The organization's flight one hundred forty seven goals are situated in seventy five nations as of March, 2007 yet. As of March 31, 2007, it had satisfied the air travel needs of more than thirty 3,000,000 travelers. The organization had 200 forty two planes flying the European horizon. As far as key administration, the organization

What YOURE Doing This Summer!

What YOU’RE Doing This Summer! On Monday, I got to see a pacemaker insertion surgery, eat lunch in scrubs, and pretend that I was on Greys Anatomy. My preceptor was Dr. Lee, Course VII 76, who went to MIT when West Campus went only as far as MacGregor, and there was an official Course XIX (Meteorology but of course, an unofficial Course XIX still lives on to the present day). I met Dr. Lee last week when my supervisor at the Oakland clinic I worked at introduced me to him when he came by. We chatted at length about MIT, his current work (he went on to UCSF after MIT and is now a practicing cardiologist), and applying to medical school. One of the most interesting things that Dr. Lee pointed out about life in med school was actually that the first two years of med school was HARD as a MIT grad. But you ask: doesnt MIT prepare students well in the science curriculum? The answer is yes, but Dr. Lee pointed out a very important distinction between the MIT method of scientific teaching and that of premed-prominent universities in America. At MIT, Dr. Lee said, the focus of science is to teach you to THINK rather than to memorize. Thus, premed students from MIT often emerge as excellent critical thinkers, but average fact-retention machines. This actually is a disadvantage during the first two years of med school, where youre taught to primarily regurgitate the information obtained from textbooks. After I thought about it some, it made a lot of sense: -During 7.05 (biochemistry), every exam was effectively open notes, and we didnt have to memorize a single thing about any of the intermediates in any of the biological cycles (Krebs, Urea, Purine Synthesis, Citric Acidetc.). -A lot of bio exams are about the application of fact, rather than simply stating what you read in the textbook. For example, often bio exams (starting from the most basic class of all, 7.01x) would begin with Suppose you are an UROP student working in a lab and you discover this interesting phenomenon that. You can almost see these test questions more as critical thinking exercises, rather than standard memory retention exams. Intro Bio, then, is vastly different in other college campuses, where freshmen are taught to memorize phylum names and label parts of a plant for their exams (UC Berkeley). I realized that my classmates, say, from Cal, were better adjusted to the med school learning style especially during the first few years [of med school], but I think the MIT style of education makes you a better doctor down the road, when you need to consider the causes of disease and create a plan of treatment and prevention, rather than merely applying memorized models to clinical situations. - Without further ado, here are the finalists for the photo contest from, uh, almost three weeks ago. :$ haha. I wanted to have a cutoff date but entries kept on coming in, so thank you for your enthusiasm. =p Unfortunately, since I received so many pictures, Im unable to post every single photo. But thank you if you sent me something! Honorable Mention From Ryan 14 hopeful: My name is Ryan, I live in Prescott, Arizona, and I will be applying to MIT this year. At the end of June I had the opportunity to be on-location in New York City with an independent movie directed, written, and produced by a childhood friend of my dads. The title is under wraps at the moment and the project is tentatively referred to as the A.D. Production. Its a comedy about three actors studying for roles as undercover narcotics officers, who in their research start running into real cops, real drug dealers, and the antics that ensue. What Ive seen and read of the script is absolutely hilarious. Attached are two pictures. The first one is of the Director of Photography shooting a scene inside a police car. And the second is of one of the actors, Robert Funaro (who played Eugene Pontecorvo on the Sopranos!), and yours truly. :) From Steph 10 Transfer Prospective Hello, I am a transfer 2010 applicant from Antelope Valley College in Lancaster, California. Other than touring Caltech and one of Californias largest botanical gardens, Descanso, I recently (well.yesterday to be exact) visited the front gates of Michael Jacksons Neverland Ranch in Los Olivos, California (no one was allowed on the property). Too bad I only got half the gate (the side that matters most, I guess heh). There were too many people crowding me. haha From Aubrey 13 I took this off of the San Clemente Pier (also in CA). My last relaxing weeks before MIT begins. ;) From Arooshi 13 I am Arooshi, Class of 2013. In the attached picture I am with my twin sister Smriti, also MIT Class of 2013, who is on the left. We are pictured in Ladakh, India. We are standing on the highest point on earth that can be traveled in a vehicle called the Khardungla pass. This is in the Himalayan mountain range near the border between India and China. From Szymon 14 prospective This is my summer activity! Im sending you some photos. My primary hobbies are chemistry, physics AND flying RC aircraft! Every year, in July, there is the largest organized remote control aircraft fly-in in Poland. This years event was on 17th and I had to hurry up to finish building my latest electric glider (it was in my workshop in pieces a week before). I attach two pictures I took during the 2004 event. The first one shows two large (5m wingspan) glider replicas (SZD Mucha Standard) and beautiful airfield in the Beskidy mountains which we use for our event. Second is a very fine looking PZL Wilga model and its pilot. From Garrett 13 Hey Chris, Im a pre-frosh this year from Miami, FL. These are the pictures taken on my trip to China and Taiwan. Captions: 1. Delicious xiao long bao (Â8èÁ ±â€ Ã‚åÖ) in Shanghai. 2. As I grasped onto the engine of the train up to Alishan, I realized that my center of gravity slowly rotated away from my perilous perch. I gained speed mid-photo, swinging into hot, noxious diesel fumes that proved to be harmful to both my pulmonary system and the little photogenic qualities I possess. It turns out that expressions of happy excitement and extreme disgust do not mix well, thus the obligatory blurring of my face. 3. Post-sunrise at Alishan. (from Chris: those little dumplings originated in Shanghai, but is extremely popular across East Asia now. one restaurant in particular, the taiwanese-based Ding Tai Fung, has managed to transform the dumpling business into a lucrative restaurant chain across China, Taiwan, Japan, and the US (in cali!). the dumplings are yummyyyyyy. =p also, the last picture is sunrise at Alishan, which is one of the must-see tourist destinations in Taiwan. its famed for the yun hai (cloud ocean essentially a thick layer of clouds which forms between the mountains you can see a bit of it in the picture) and also for its majestic sunrises taiwan is so pretty!!! haha sorry i just gotta put in these plugs =p) Third Place: From Aditya new Grad student!: Hi! Im a grad student joining MIT this fall. I read your blog post asking us what we are up to this summer, and I just had to share this with you! I had been to the Himalayas, and trekked up a mountain, at 13,800 feet. Thats 4200 meters. Youve already calculated, I know! It was an amazing experience! The Himalayas are so beautiful, its almost like a dream. If you are into trekking, hiking and camping, you just have to experience the highest mountain range on earth at least once! Here are a few pics. Second Place: From Liz 14 hopeful: Ok, this is a picture that I think is awesome (though awesomeness, like everything else is wholly subjective). I like this picture because: a) I took this self-portrait in the research lab I intern at in the summertime (both last summer and this summer). Im learning a lot and helping out with some coolio research (but Ive got to keep the actual project mum Ive been sworn to secrecy!) and I find working in the lab to be one of the spiffiest and most interesting aspects of my life. :) Hence, looking at this photo makes me happy; being happy is pretty awesome, and the commutative property of awesomeness thus renders this snapshot awesome. b) I am wearing a very stylish laboratory onesie in the picture. I actually just really, really, love the marshmallow couture that goes with working in a lab. It is pleasantly bizarre to be wearing a laboratory onesie, and it never fails to bring a smile to my face to imagine a slew of scientists wearing the aforementioned Fashion Do while performing a large-scale dance number. (Can you imagine everyone dancing to Jai Ho in sync while wearing it? Itd be so comical and aesthetically anomalous! Then again, Im a little weird I guess. :D ). I took this pic at Yale University. I have a disclaimer though I actually took this picture last summer at the lab. Im working in the same lab again this summer, but Im in the clean room sometimes (its really hardcore, I cant take in anything from the outside world except myself, so I certainly cant take in a camera!), and Im also working with a delightful grad student on some experiments/learning to make programs in MATLAB (funny side note I coded my program to play Handels Hallelujah chorus when it spits out the answers Im looking for). First Place: From Andy 13: Hi. My name is Andy (MIT 13), and this is a picture of me taken on June 22, 2009 at the top of Echo Mountain near Pasadena, California. One of the first things that I did this summer was hike up to the top of echo mountain at night with a bunch of friends with a telescope. Aside from stargazing, we also saw several satellites and had a picnic at the top. We then pointed the telescope to the suburbs below and started observing the cars, a soccer match, and a tennis game. This is the first out of a long list of things that I want to accomplish during this summer (other activities include going to the beach to dig a giant hole, eating a giant ice cream sundae with at least ten people, putting together a 10,000 piece puzzle, having a snowball fight, etc.). (from Chris: this won because Ive been wanting to take a picture like this ever since going to SSP during my junior summer. =p) The Prize! In keeping with the current news frenzy, the grand prize is SWINE FLU! okay, which is more like a big pink ball of fluff =p but please enjoy having H1N1 in the comfort of your home. you can even bring it on to the airplane without getting escorted off by a regiment of N51 masked men in green spaceship suits and chlorine spray! Thanks for playing! ^______^V

Population Genetic History Of The Indian Peninsula Endowed...

Population genetic history of the Indian peninsula endowed with heterogenous complexity has received a huge attention worldwide. The incessant waves of migration of people from ancient to present time and from various directions across the world have significantly contributed in India being a genetic melting pot. The earliest inhabitant being the Austro- Asatic people around 60,000 years ago from Africa, entered India through western corridor(Nei and Ota 1991; Majumder 2001) or they have migrated from China into India through northeastern corridor (Gadgil et al 1998; Diamond 1997) followed by the arrival of Dravidian speakers around 3000 BCE from ancient Caspian civilization originated in East Africa (Lahovary N 1963, Winters CA 1985) and Tibeto-Burman speakers from South West China or North West China and southeast Asia around 8,000 to 10,000 years ago. The last major migration is believed to have occurred around 1500 BCE by Indo-European speakers in consecutive waves over a long pe riod of time (Kashyap et al., 2006). Northeast India comprising the contiguous seven states of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura are thought to be an important corridor for human migrations. Flanked on the north by the Eastern Himalayas (Patkai-Naga Hills and Lushai Hills) and in the south by the Bay of Bengal, constitutes a distinctive narrow passageway that connects the Indian subcontinent to East Asia and Southeast Asia (Sharma 1984). It is the

Exploratory Essay on Why People Are Superstitious

Exploratory Essay on Why People Are Superstitious Why Are People Still Superstitious? Despite the fact that science is developing by leaps and bounds, the majority of people still have certain superstitions. Why is it so? I think that it is one of many interesting peculiarities of our mind and psychology, which are hard to explain, but still exist. To my mind, people are superstitious, because they don’t like tranquility, though always complain that they want it more than everything. If they don’t have something to grumble about, they are not truly happy, as it seems to them that their life is incomplete. Of course, it is true of not all the people, but there are many who suit this description. To tell you the truth, I don’t like such people, as they don’t know how to be happy in this life and usually don’t achieve much. For them superstition is a kind of hobby. As for the other people who believe in superstitions, especially those who are young, I think that they do it just for fun and as a tribute to their parents, who taught them to knock on wood, avoid black cats and read horoscopes. On the whole, I think that superstitions are a way of people’s entertainment and everything here is based on self-persuasion. If you believe that you will have unfortunate day because of a black cat, you will have it due to your belief, but not because of the animal. As for me, I believe only in some of superstitions just because it is fun. In the majority of cases, I just like listening to stories about superstitious people, as it is interesting how far they can go in their beliefs despite scientific and technological progress.

Kids, Work and Good College Essays

Kids, Work and Good College Essays Achievement of academic excellence and superior performance on assessments could possibly be impressive, but there'll surely be a lengthy line of other successful students competing for the exact same spot. The procedure for ordering our services has been made simple by using simple actions that are simple to follow along with. Explain your commitments, and you will be the kind of student colleges find immensely attractive. Explain your commitments, and you are going to be the type of student colleges find immensely attractive. 1 approach to acquire a notion of what colleges are seeking is to read some fantastic essays from students who've been successful in their bid to go into a selective university. College years are believed to be the best years in a person's life. Now you ought to be prepared to cover college applications, considering that I've learned the tricky way. There are plenty of services offered by experts for smooth application strategy. College essays can allow you to get accepted by a college so that it might be worth knowing how to compose a good one. There are many different kinds of essays within college essays. Colleges can tell whenever your essay is merely a form essay. It's important to choose the ideal colleges. Bear in mind, your article should be cohesive, and an excellent draft will help you in achieving it. It's crucial to be original and be yourself. Good College Essays Ideas The 6 CSS topics could possibly be equally important to create a lovely site. If you're most likely to show you're serious concerning the college and are an extremely excellent fit, then you will have to learn about the program you wish to enter. Pick a topic or theme that you're in a position to write about. Writing a one-of-a-kind and informative academic paper isn't not possible. Today, several on-line tutoring websites supply the best essay writing services at affordable prices. Colleges are not searching for perfect individuals. Thus, the essay for our staff it is simpler than ever. Additionally, a customer may ask the writer to submit part of the job for review and, if needed, ask them to make corrections. Nowadays it is quite difficult to locate a trustworthy essay writing service. Locating a wonderful essay writing service is a tough job. Choosing a topic may be the hardest portion of writing a college essay. Once you get your topic set, write an outline that will help you organize your ideas. Select a topic or theme that it is possible to write about. Many college applicants make the error of attempting to include all their accomplishments and activities in their application essays. Therefore, many students and employees decide to purchase inexpensive essay rather than writing it themselves. Some institutions request an essay about a student's choice of a university or career. The college essay is essential as it's the sole region of the application process that has the ability to genuinely showcase who you are as a learner and as someone. Writing essays for college is something which we've achieved for a very long time. As you're writing a college essay it's insufficient in the event you write it in simple words. Writing the college application essay can be among the most daunting sections of applying to college.

Paradise Lost Analysis Essay Example For Students

Paradise Lost Analysis Essay John Milton divided the characters in his epic poem Paradise Lost into two sides, one side under God representing good, and the other side under Satan representing evil and sin. Milton first introduced the reader to the character Satan, the representative of all evil, and his allegiance of fallen angels that aided in his revolt against God (Milton 35). Only later did Milton introduce the reader to all powerful God, leader and creator of all mankind (John). This introduction of Satan first led the reader to believe acts of sin were good, just like Eve felt in the Garden of Eden when she was enticed by Satan to eat the fruit off of the Tree of Knowledge (Milton 255). The later introduction of The Almighty had the readers change their feelings towards sin, as the ways of God were introduced to them and these ways were shown to be the way to feel and believe. This levy of good vs. evil carried on throughout the poem with the interaction of Satan and his fallen angels with God and his son in Heaven. The common representation of sin and evil came from the lead character in the battle against God, Satan. His name means enemy of God. He was a former high angel from Heaven named Lucifer, meaning, light bearer (John). Satan became jealous in Heaven of Gods son and formed an allegiance of angels to battle against God, only for God to cast them out of Heaven into Hell (Milton 35). This did not bother Satan at first since he became the leader in Hell rather than a servant in Heaven. Satan believed that it was, Better to reign in Hell than serve in Heaven ( I-l. 263). Much of Satans reliance on getting things accomplished came from his ability to lie and deceive. He lied to the fallen angels about the Son and his vice-regency in Heaven in order for them to follow him instead of The Son. He also concealed his true self by hiding in the body of a serpent when presenting himself to Eve in the Garden of Eden (Blessington 32). She would not have been as easily tempted into sin had he not conc ealed his true form. In addition, Satan showed the reader a large amount of anger and destructiveness when he planned his revenge on God (Milton 62). Satan even found pleasure in the pain and destruction of other people and things, To do aught good never will be our task, / But ever to do ill our soul delight (qtd. in Blessington 32). It is clear the feelings and views of Satan represented evil. With Satan and his battle against God, he formed an allegiance of fallen angels to help him carry out his evil goals. Satan placed his chief supporter named Beelzebub in charge of the fallen angels, and getting them together to form the Demonic Council to serve as an administration for Hell (John). Milton described Beelzebub as being a Majestic, wise statesman (qtd. in Bush 265) in his leadership abilities of this council. Although Satan put Beelzebub in charge, it was not because of Beelzebubs abilities, but due to the fact Satan was able to trick his chief supporter easily into expressing his beliefs instead of Beelzebubs own. With Satans ability to deceive Beelzebub easily, he will easily mislead the Demonic Council into carrying out his evil ideas against God in Heaven. The council held a meeting in the capital of Hell called Pandemonium, where the reader is introduced to all of the fallen angels, and learned their evil ideas of revenge against God and Heaven. The first fallen a ngel that spoke at the meeting was Moloch, who was the strongest and fiercest spirit that fought in Heaven, now fiercer by despair (Milton, II-l. 44-45). He came forth with a suicidal battle philosophy (Blessington 39), promoting open war in Heaven. He was very aggressive in nature, and did not care if God destroyed the fallen angels in the battle, as long as they fought in revenge (Bush 258). The second fallen angel that spoke at the meeting was the false and hollow angel named Belial. He represented true passivity towards fighting (Blessington 40). He conceded to Gods power, realizing they would easily be defeated (John). Up next came the least erected spirit that fell from Heaven (Milton I-l. 679) named Mammon, who was characterized by greed and tangible wealth. When Mammon was in Heaven, he desired the golden floors he walked on better than desiring the wealth and virtue available from God who ruled over them (John). The reader saw this same desire in his philosophy of what the angels should do in Hell, which was to stay there and exploit its wealth rather than war in Heaven against God (Milton 67-68). The final speaker at the meeting was Beelzebub, who relayed the earlier thoughts of Satan, which were to go after the new creation of God, man, rather than take the chance of fighting in Heaven (72-73). Since these ideas were those of Satan, he quickly adjourned the meeting, and the plans to accomplish his idea were begun (74-75). Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Argumentative EssayThe Son brought forth his commitment to his Father, judgment of man, to the reader in book ten of the poem. The Son judged Adam and Eve for breaking the commandment of God to not eat the fruit from the Tree of Knowledge. Adam resigned his manhood, and makes Eve a god to him. This act of making someone else a god, instead of the true God, is a major sin in the eyes of God (Milton 272). The first curse The Son handed down upon man was the pain of childbirth. Next, he declared the ground man walks on would grow thorns and thistles. Finally, The Son announced death to man, bringing about feelings of guilt and shame (273-274). With this announcement, the gates opened to allow the characters Sin and Death into Earth, never to leave, only to prey on man (275-276). The judgement of The Son gave the reader the definition of man today, able to choose sin with a path of redemption by Jesus, or take the easy road to Hell. Throughout John Miltons epic poem Paradise Lost, the reader was able to see a contrast between what is evil and what is good. Milton first introduced the reader to sin and evil in the lead character Satan. Milton showed the reader Satans ways of deceit, jealousy, and destruction through various dreadful acts. With Satans incestuous relationship he carried on with his daughter to create the character Death, Milton exposed the reader to the true perversity brought on by sin. Next, Milton introduced the reader to the fallen angels and their evil ideas during their meeting in the capitol of Hell, Pandemonium. Such characters as Mammon with his materialistic greed, Belial with his false and hollow views, the all aggressive Moloch and his suicidal battle philosophies, and finally Beelzebub passing on the views of Satan. The contrast to these characters came from God and The Son. God, with his powers of creation, omnipotence, omnipresence, and omniscience, was able to look over his creation s with subtle control and try to guide them toward good decisions. In addition to God, the reader looked upon The Son as a symbol of divine love of God and his creations and his showing of true grace toward man. With the powerful character representation by Milton, the reader is able to see the bad in evil and sin, and the good and justification in the judgements of God and The Son. WORKS CITEDBlessington, Francis C. Paradise Lost: Ideal and Tragic Epic. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1988. Bush, Douglas, ed. The Portable Milton. New York: Penguin Books, 1977. John Miltons Paradise Lost. Internet. 7 October 1998. Available http://www.mindspring.com/verax/milton.htmMilton, John. Paradise Lost. Paradise Lost and Other Poems. New York: Penguin Books USA Inc., 1981. Words/ Pages : 2,171 / 24

Information Technology and Human Society

What Do Passovers 4 Questions Have to Do with Our Modern Lives

What Do Passovers 4 Questions Have to Do with Our Modern Lives Passover started last Monday night and I was fortunate enough to attend a lovely seder (traditional Passover meal) with a family here in Madison. What especially impressed me was that they were open to discussing the contemporary implications of the traditional â€Å"four questions† (which are actually one question followed by four answers). The Four Questions Why is this night different from all other nights? On all other nights we eat leavened products and matzah [unleavened, cardboard-like â€Å"bread†], and on this night only matzah. On all other nights we eat all vegetables, and on this night only bitter herbs. On all other nights, we dont dip our food even once, and on this night we dip twice. On all other nights we eat sitting or reclining, and on this night we only recline. The explanation for each of the four items goes something like this: We eat matzah because the bread on the backs of the Jews fleeing Egypt did not have enough time to rise. The bitter herbs remind us of the bitterness of slavery in Egypt. Dipping karpas (potato, onion, or other vegetable) into saltwater reminds us that the joy of spring was tempered by the tears we cried while in Egypt. Similarly, the charoset (fruit-nut paste) into which the bitter herbs are dipped reminds us of the cement we used to create the bricks in Egypt. Again, a mix of sweetness and bitterness. Reclining like â€Å"royalty† is a way to commemorate our freedom. Now you might be saying, Thanks for the lesson in Jewish religion, but what does any of this have to do with business or job search activities? Well, let me tell you. The Four Questions in Our Modern Lives Remembering the matzah means remembering that if we rush around without giving ourselves time and space for our bread to rise, we will end up with a cardboard life. It’s the equivalent of sending out a mediocre resume or blindly taking action in a business without stepping back to strategize and consider the implications of those actions. Will we get results? Sure. But maybe not the robust ones we’re hoping for. It’s important during Passover to actually EAT matzah, not just avoid leavened food. Why? Because if we don’t eat the unleavened bread we will forget not to eat leavened food. It’s like saying Oh, I’ll remember to call x person back but not putting it on the calendar, then realizing at the end of the day that it never happened. Or saying I won’t spend 3 hours on Facebook today but failing to put any structures in place to make that happen. If we don’t eat the matzah- if we don’t create a structure for remembering- we are in danger of forgetting and falling into our routine lives. Does this ring true for you? We all have bitter moments to remember in our lives. We have been rejected for our dream jobs. We have had clients asking for refunds. We have made poor, often costly decisions. We have had great ideas that bombed. It’s important to remember the bitterness of those moments, even as we move on into freer and more successful times. We will then appreciate our successes more and have greater perspective when things take what seems like a bitter turn. On Passover we dip a symbol of new growth into a symbol of sadness, then dip something bitter into something sweet yet representative of pain. Perhaps we dip twice because if we only dipped once we would forget. Forget how growing pains are not just something we have as children, but a fact of life for anyone committed to their own personal development. Forget that every move forward requires letting go of the way it was before. A new job might mean saying goodbye to trusted colleagues or spending less time at home with the kids. Taking on more leadership might mean leaving a comfort zone that was, well, comfortable. Life is a mix of bitter and sweet always, and if we forget, if we start expecting it to be some other way, we are likely to become even more bitter. The commandment to recline like royalty is a great reminder to take care of ourselves and allow ourselves to be taken care of. It means taking a break from rushing around without allowing time for the bread to rise. Whatever it represents for you, consider in this season giving yourself the gift of luxuriating just a little in the abundance and joy that surrounds you. I would love to hear your interpretation of Passover or Easter themes and how they relate to your personal or professional lives. Please share!

Compare and contrast Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 9

Compare and contrast - Essay Example Alexie, being a Native American, relayed experiences of starting to read as a young boy living with his family in the â€Å"Spokane Indian Reservation in eastern Washington state† (Alexie 11). Tan, on the other hand, an Asian American of Chinese descent, narrated experiences with speaking a distinct kind of â€Å"broken† English, the language used by her mother to communicate. Aside from sharing similarities in terms of not being native speakers of the English language, the authors allegedly affirmed their convictions to become writers, despite the evident challenges that faced them. In addition, both authors openly affirmed that one of their parents had influenced the career path that was chosen. And finally, these authors initially pursued careers in medicine (pediatrician for Sherman and pre-med course for Tan) before confirming their interests in writing as a profession. Concurrently, despite the similarities, there were disparities that emerged in these articles. Sherman’s article focused mainly on his personal experiences which contributed to his career as a writer. On the other hand, Tan narrated her mother’s experiences as influential and contributory to her development of proficiency in the English language and in other aspects of her life. In fact, Tan admitted that â€Å"I think my mothers English almost had an effect on limiting my possibilities in life as well† (Tan 2).Yet, the impetus which led to Tan’s decision to become a writer was her former boss’ admonition that writing was her worst skill. In addition, in Sherman’s article, he professed that he loved books and his intention for reading was to try and save his life. While Tan was silent about the intention or purpose for writing; yet signified that her mother remained the most important critic of her written

Management Accounting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Management Accounting - Assignment Example hen undertaking a two stage assignment plan for overheads since cost allocation to intermediate pools is carried out at the initial stage while the second stage involves cost allocation to the products from the intermediate pools (Barnett & Dawkins, 2006). A number of scholars hold the opinion that ABC method of costing is undertaken by firms because it is considered fashionable, and not that it gives more detailed information for use by the management. It is a fact that this costing method does not give extra information to management since it determines the costs of the firm in a way that is different from the traditional or conventional method of costing (Rosati et al., 2008). The traditional costing method brings together all the costs of the organization then allocates them to the products that have been manufactured depending on the hours of labor spent directly per product. On the other hand, ABC concentrates majorly on the activities carried out prior to the completion of the products’ production. Here, the costing process is intermediate and is carried out by a firm to assign overhead costs to the products so as to see to it that there is accuracy on the information on the costs of the good. In other instances, the cost activity becomes the activity. Here, ABC provides no additional information and instead divides the costing process to see to the correctness of the cost information that is given for every unit or each product that is produced. Accounting heavily relies on the accuracy and transparency of information. The conventional cost techniques assign all kinds of overheads, which include product level, batch level, and facility depending on the allocation or assignment that suits the unit level best. On the other hand, ABC taps the structure of costs to illustrate the correctness in the information, presenting a particular reason for its preference by a number of firms. ABC primarily concentrates on activities that relate to the production

TTX and Genotoxicity of Diodon Hystrix Organs

TTX and Genotoxicity of Diodon Hystrix Organs Identification of TTX and Genotoxicity of Diodon hystrix Organs Adwaid Manu K, Vignesh M., Riven Chocalingum Abstract Tetrodotoxin is alkaloid based aquatic toxins. These toxins are one of the most potent non-proteinaceous toxins as well as the best-known marine natural toxins. Diodon hystrix (porcupine fish) were collected from Chennai costal region and dissected under sterile conditions to obtain: liver, skin, gonads, intestine, eyes and kidney. 20g of each organ was macerated in 200ml of Methanol:Acetic Acid [99:1]. The filtrate is then condensed in Rota-Vaccum evaporator to obtain crude extract. The focus of this study is to confirm the presence of TTX (Tetrodotoxin) in six different organs of Diodon hystrix. Analytical techniques used were GC-MS and UV spectroscopy. Also, genotoxicity of the crude extract were analysed using human leukocyte culture and SCE assay using onion root tips. The results suggest the presence of TTX in major skin, liver and intestine and that, the organ extract does not have any genotoxic effect but is capable of increasing the sister chromatid exchange. Key Words: TTX, Diodon hystrix, genotoxicity, root tip assay. Introduction Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a very powerful alkaloid neurotoxin that is non-proteinacious in nature. TTX can withstand very high temperature and is water soluble but is affected by extreme pH conditions, i.e., above 8.5 and below 3.0 [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. These properties make it a dangerous toxin capable to interact best with its environment [1, 2, 5]. It is found in both aquatic as well as terrestrial organisms and studies have proven that it is synthesized by symbiotic microorganisms, bacteria precisely, present in the gut, initially acquired through the food chain or found on the skin of the animals but its biosynthesis pathway is still unknown [ 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8]. TTX acts as an ion pore blocker, binding to site 1 sodium channel receptor of the axon membrane thus inhibiting the influx of sodium ions and therefore leading to the blockage of action potentials [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]. TTX is ten thousand times poisonous than cyanide and one of the most fatal poisons on Earth. The LD50 is approximately 0.2ÃŽ ¼g when injected in mice [2, 5]. On the other hand, along with the lethal characteristics, clinical trials and research studies have demonstrated that TTX has remarkable therapeutic properties as an analgesic in cancer treatment process [2]. Puffer fish belonging to the order Tetraodontiformes, had been identified to be the cause of many mortalities due to food poisoning as a result of TTX intoxication. In many countries such as Japan and China, puffer fish is regarded as a food delicacy provided that it is prepared by a licensed and well experienced chef but some cases of poisoning still prevail [1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]. It has been reported that only a very low dose of TTX in blood is adequate for an immediate impact on the host [5]. Studies have concluded that the most toxic organs of the puffer fish are the liver followed by the intestine and then the skin and ovary. In addition to that, TTX is also found in low concentration in other organs such as the eyes and muscles [3, 5, 8, 10]. The study is focused on Diodon hystrix which is a type of puffer fish belonging to the class Diodontidae and it is also known as Porcupinefish because of the sharp needle-like structures covering its entire body as a defense mechanism against predators. Presence of TTX has been reported in Diodon hystrix around the world [2, 4, 5] but studies on this animal from the sea of the eastern coast of India that is the Bay of Bengal is yet to be reported. The aim of this research is to identify TTX in the crude extract from Diodon hystrix collected from Chennai Coastal line and to investigate the Genotoxicity of the crude extract from respective organs using human leukocyte culture and onion root tips. Materials and methods Sample collection The puffer fish was collected from the coastal lines of marina beach, Chennai in early July 2014. The identification of the puffer fish was done by visual comparison with an online fish database www.fishbase.org. The database parameters were set accordingly to sample collection site and the possible species available in Bay-of-Bengal region with the matching morphology were only two types of Diodon sp.. Out of which Diodon hystrix had the closest match, based on the skin coloration pattern. Organ separation and extraction process The collected puffer fish were dissected and visceral organs like liver, intestine, kidney, eye, and skin were removed and organs were weighed. The isolation for the tetrodotoxin[3] include from the samples 10 grams of organs were taken and Then suspended in 100ml of three volume of 1% acetic acid in methanol without damaging the tissues then the whole materials were in the Refrigerator for 24 hours at a sterile condition, as an incubation period In the next step the tissue were macerated in a mortar and pestle gently, if the tissues get dried up add required volume of the chilled ethanol if needed. Then the slurry were filtered by using whatman no. 1 filter paper. Then the filtrate solutions were centrifuged at 12000 rpm for 10 minutes at 4 degree Celsius. Then the supernatant were separated and lastly the samples were concentrated by using lyophilisation to obtain crude extracts for our purpose of study Dragendorff’s test To identify the presence of alkaloids [10] to 2mg of crude extracts 5ml of distilled water were added and then 2M hydrochloric acid was added until an acid reaction occurs. To this 1 ml of Dragendorff’s reagent was added. Formation of orange or orange red precipitate indicates the presence of alkaloids GasChromatography-Mass Spectrometry Gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS)[8][11][12]forms an effective combination for Chemical analysis. GC-MS analysis were an indirect method to detect TTX in a crude extract, which was difficult to purify in other advanced analysis methods. In this method, we dissolved TTX and its derivatives in 2 ml of 3 M NaOH and heated in a boiling water bath for 30 min. After cooling to room temperature, the alkaline solution of decomposed compounds was adjusted to pH 4.0 with 1N HCl and the resulting mixture was chromatographed on a Sep- Pak C18 cartridge (Waters). After washing with H2O first and then 10% MeOH, 100% MeOH fraction were collected and evaporated to dryness in vacuo. To the resulting residue, a mixture of N, O-bis acetamide, trimethylchlorosilane and pyridine (2: 1: 1) was added to generate trimethylsilyl (TMS) ‘‘C9-base’’ compounds. The derivatives were then placed in a Hewlett Packard gas chromatograph (HP-5890-II) equipped with a mass spectrometer (AutoSpec, Micromass Inc., UK). A column (φ 0.25 mm Ãâ€" 250 cm) of UB-5 was used, and the column temperature is increased from 180 to 250 °C at the rate of 5 or 8 °C/min . The flow rate of inlet helium carrier gas were maintained at 20 ml/min. The ionizing voltage is generally maintained at 70 eV with the ion source temperature at 200 °C. Scanning was performed in the mass range of m/z 40–600 at 3s intervals. The total ion chromatogram (TIC) and the fragment ion chromatogram (FIC) were selectively monitored. Ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy In UV spectroscopy, TTX was generally determined by irradiating a crude toxin with UV light [11][12]. A small amount of samples were dissolved in 2 ml of 2 M NaOH and heated in a boiling water bath for 45 min. After cooling to room temperature, samples were examined in UV spectrum and results were observed in the range 270nm to 280nm. Genotoxicity Human Leukocyte Culture Chromosome preparations were obtained from PHA-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes[14][15]. To the fresh tubes 5ml of Hikaryo XL RPMI ready-mix media and 0.5ml of heparinized Blood (50drops) were added and the contents were mixed gently by shaking. Then Incubated for 72 hours in standing position in an incubator. At the end of 48th hour of incubation, the culture was treated with TTX (0.5ug/ml) (10ul/ 5ml of culture) and again kept it in incubator for another 24 hours. At the end of 24th hour incubation, the culture was thoroughly washed by centrifuging the content at 1500rpm for 5 minutes, discard the supernatant and add 5ml of RPMI 1640 medium. To the content 60 microliter of colchicine was added and tubes were kept for 20 minutes incubation in incubator at 37oC and the content was centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 10 minutes after incubation. The supernatant was removed and 6ml of pre-warmed 0.075M hypotonic solution was added. The content was mixed using a Pasteur pipette and incub ated at 37 oC in incubator for 6 minutes. After incubation the content tube was centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 5 minutes. The supernatant was discarded and 6ml of Carnoy’s fixative was added and mixed vigorously. After fixation the content was kept in room temperature for 1-2 hours. The content was again centrifuged at 1500 rpm and supernatant was removed and this step was continued until pellet becomes white. For the preparation of slides the new slides were first refrigerated and then cell button mix was dropped over the slides and dried immediately on a hot plate, and then was kept in an incubator for proper drying. The slides were then placed in a coplin jar containing Giemsa staining for 4 minutes and destained in a coplin jar containing distilled water for 1 minute. The slides were dried and then viewed under microscope for stained chromosome. . The slides were then viewed under 100X power under oil immersion objective of the microscope to analyze the chromosome aberration s. Onion Root Tip SCE Assay The onion root tips[1], 2-3 cm long, were soaked in 100  µM 5-bromodeoxy uridine (BrdUrd) for almost 20 h followed by 1 hour treatment with the crude extract After a brief wash, the roots were allowed to grow for another round in growing media. The treatments were terminated by washing the roots with distilled water and then 0.05% Colchicine was added then incubated for 2.5 h. Roots were washed, excised and fixed in Carnoy’s fixative, for 1-3hrs and preserved at 4 °C. The roots were processed using cytology methods for SCE analysis.. The roots were then hydrolysed in 5 N HCI at 25 °C for 92 min and stained with haematoxylin for at least 2hrs. The stained root[16] were washed in distilled water, squashed in a drop of 45% acetic acid and tapped for metaphase chromosome separation under coverslips. Tap water controls were included in the assay. The slides were observed at 100X magnification in oil immersion using light microscope RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Dragendorff’s test Fig 1: Showing result of sample after Dragendorff’s test The alkaloids present in the puffer fish was precipitated as a complex formation by dragendorff’s reagent. Dragendorff’s test results showed very high precipitation in skin and intestine, high precipitation in liver and very low precipitation or almost no precipitation was observed in kidney, gonads and eye. Gas-Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Characteristic peak was observed at retention time 8.33 and 8.66 in liver, intestine and skin after performing alkaline treatment and there was no characteristic peak observed in kidney, eyes and gonads. After boiling of samples which contain TTX in alkaline solution (NaOH) the compound TTX present gets reduced to C9 base TMS (trimethysilyl). It is noteworthy that each peak of selected ion monitored at m/z = 376, 392 and 407 appears at the same retention time in the Selected ion-monitored mass chromatogram of the TMS derivatives of alkali-hydrolyzed. From samples of liver, kidney and intestine, mass fragments of ion peaks was observed at ion M/z 376, 392 and 407, which are characteristic of the quinazoline skeleton (C9 base), which was almost similar as those from the TMS-C9 Base derived authentic TTX Fig 2: Showing GC-MS spectrum of the TMS derivatives of alkali-hydrolysed toxin from Diodon hystrix UV-spectroscopy In UV analysis method characteristic peaks were observed in all samples. Shoulder peak was observed in liver, intestine and skin, Declining and Inclining Peaks were observed in kidney, eyes and gonads. The UV spectrum is analyzed for the characteristic of absorptions, associated with C9-base .The shoulder peaks were observed at 276 nm indicates the formation of C-9 base which were specific to TTX or related substances. Fig 3: Showing chart of UV-spectroscopy of the crude extract from various organs of Diodon hystrix, peak at 276nm indicating the presence of TTX. Genotoxicity Human Leukocyte Assay Metaphase plates were obtained while observing under 100X magnification in oil immersion using light microscope. It has been observed in all the samples that there were no chromosomal aberration that is structural or numerical chromosomal modification were not observed. From this result, it can be reported that the crude extract from Diodon hystrix has no clastogenic (breakage of chromosome) or aneugenic (change in chromosomal number) effects. Fig4(left): Showing metaphase plate from control leukocytes. Fig5(right):  Showing metaphase plate from crude extract leukocytes. Onion Root Tip SCE Assay The Sister Chromatid Exchange (SCE) assay has been reported to be one of the most sensitive short-term genotoxicity assays because of its capability to identify genotoxins at very low doses (Tucker et al.1993). It has been observed that the crude extract from Skin and intestine enhanced SCE significantly over the control while the Liver, Eye, Gonads and Kidney have very low effects. Therefore it can be put forth that the crude extract from skin and intestine interfere to a great deal with the SCE and further studies need to be carried out. Fig6(left) : Showing result of SCE in control onion root tip. Fig7(right): Showing result of SCE in crude extract root tip. Conclusion: From the study, it can be reported that Diodon hystrix from the eastern coastal region of India, observed to have accumulated TTX in its organs. Thus it can be toxic when ingested and even lethal to the predators. Nevertheless further studies should be carried out on this fish to confirm the presence of a homologue of TTX and obtain a purified sample of the TTX. References: Samanta S.Khora, Kamal K.Panda and Brahma B.Panda (1997): Genotoxicity of tetrodotoxin from puffer fish tested in root meristem cells of Allium cepa L. Mutagenesis vol.12 no.4 pp.265-269 Keyvan Mirbakhsh, Ulf Gà ¶ransson: Tetrodotoxin – evolutionary selection and pain relief Course in Biological Active Natural Products in Drug discovery A8/C, 5p. Distanse course – Fall 2004 Department of Medicinal Chemistry Division of Pharmacognosy Uppsala University. Firoz Ahmed, Aamir Javed, Anup Baranwal, Annu Kumari, Farnaz Mozafari Parvathi Chandrappa (2013):EXTRACTION OF TETRODOTOXIN FROM PUFFER FISH, DIODON LITUROSUS FROM SOUTH ANDAMAN SEA. G.J B.A.H.S., Vol.2 (2) 2013:58-6, ISSN: 2319 – 5584. Teetske F. Van Gorcum, Max Janse, Marianne E.C. Leenders, Irma de Vries, Jan Meulenbelt (2006): Intoxication following minor stabs from the spines of a porcupine fish clinical. Toxicology , 2006, 44(4) p. 391- 393. Vaishali Bane, Mary Lehane, Madhurima Dikshit, Alan O’Riordan and Ambrose Furey (2014): Tetrodotoxin: Chemistry, Toxicity, Source, Distribution and Detection. Toxins 2014, 6, 693-755, ISSN 2072-6651. Bragadeeswaran S, Therasa D, Prabhu K, Kathiresan K (2010): Biomedical and pharmacological potential of tetrodotoxin-producing bacteria isolated from marine pufferfish Arothron hispidus (Muller, 1841). The Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases ISSN 1678-9199 | 2010 | volume 16 | issue 3 | pages 421-431. J. S. OliveiraI; O. R. Pires JuniorII; R. A. V. MoralesII, III; C. Bloch JuniorIII; C. A. SchwartzII; J. C. FreitasI (2003): Toxicity of puffer fish two species (Lagocephalus laevigatus, linaeus 1766 and Sphoeroides spengleri, Bloch 1785) from the Southeastern Brazilian coast. J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis vol.9 no.1 Botucatu 2003, ISSN 1678-9199. Tamao Noguchi, Kazue Onuki and Osamu Arakawa (2011): Tetrodotoxin Poisoning Due to Pufferfish and Gastropods, and Their Intoxication Mechanism. International Scholarly Research Network ISRN Toxicology Volume 2011, Article ID 276939, 10 pages. Niharika Mandal, Soumya Jal, K. Mohanapriya and S. S. Khora (2013): Assessment of toxicity in puffer fish (Lagocephalus lunaris) from South Indian coast. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology Vol. 7(30), pp. 2146-2156, ISSN 1996-0816 Md. Moyen Uddin Pk, Rumana Pervin, Dr.Yearul Kabir, Dr. Nurul Absar (2013): PRELIMINARY SCREENING OF SECONDARY METABOLITES AND BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY BIOASSAY OF WARM-WATER EXTRACT OF PUFFER FISH ORGANS TISSUES, TETRAODON CUTCUTIA, AVAILABLE IN BANGLADESH. Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research 2 (5) 2013, 14-18, ISSN: 2279 – 0594 Nagashima, Y., J. Maruyama, T. Noguchi andK. Hashimoto (1987) Analysis of paralyticshellfish poison and tetrodotoxin by ionpairing high performance liquid chromatography.Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 53:1 819-8 Nakamura, M. and T, Yasumoto (1985)Tetrodotoxin derivatives in puffer fish.Toxicon 23: 271-273 Myoung Ja Lee,Dong-Youn Jeong, Woo-Seong Kim,Hyun-Dae Kim,Cheorl-Ho Kim,Won-Whan Park,Yong-Ha Park,Kyung –Sam Kim,Hyung-Min Kim and Dong –Soo Kim(2000) A tetratoxin –producing Vibrio Strain ,LM-1 from the puffer fish Fugu vermicularisradiates.Appl.Environ.Micribial.Vol.66 no 4 1698-1701 Moorhead, P.S., P.C. Nowell, W.J. Mellman, D.N. Batipps and D.A.Hungerford: Chromosome preparations of leucocytes cultures fromhuman peripheral blood. Exp. Cell. Res., 20, 613-616 (1960). Hungerford, D.A., 1965. Leukocytes cultured fromsmall inocula of whole blood and the preparationof metaphase chromosomes by treatment with Hypotonic KCl. Stain Technol., 40: 333-338. Perry, P. and S. Wolff: New giemsa method for differential staining of sisterchromatids. Nature, 251, 156-158 (1974).

Video recording act 1984 :: essays papers

Video recording act 1984 History As more and more people in the UK started to rent and buy videos for home use, it was thought that some kind of act should be passed that protected the public’s intrest. The video recordings act was brought in to prevent people from making videos of offensive nature (to some people) and then selling that footage to people who are deemed not suitable to see the footage (under aged) or people who are unaware of the nature of the video. In 1984 the act was passed through parliament and the BBFC (British Board Of Film Censorship) was designated to make sure that videos that are offered for sale or hire in the UK have the correct certificate. It was felt that videos needed to have a stricter rating system than cinema films as they could easily be obtained by under aged persons. The act does not really concentrate on the welfare of animals, but does stop films being made which depict scenes of cruelty, sexual (human/animal) intercourse/activities and mutilation. This act does work in relation with other acts that does protect animals, such as the Protection Of Animals Act 1911, Criminal Justice & Public Order and The Performing Animals (regulation) Act 192 5. Act Requirements & Aims: The act affects anyone who wishes to sell or hire videos for home, public use. The act may also effects people who have unlicensed videos for home use (extreme cases) The video recordings act states that: 1) Videos must be classified by designated authority (The president or vice president of the BBFC). That the certificate must reflect the video's suitability for home use. 2) Videos Must Not Contain Graphic Footage of – Â · Torture to humans or animals. Â · Explicit sexual acts between humans or human/animal. Â · Cruelty of animals (as stated in the Protection of Animals Act 1911). Â · Extreme violence to animals or people (particularly children and women). Â · Enjoyment from sexual assaults (human or animal). Â · Scenes that would cause great distress to Animals. These are the main points that effect animals, the rest of the act talks about the classification of the videos and footage in relation to people. 3) That it is an offence to sell such videos to any one under the certificate age. Videos are still allowed to show mild cruelty (depending in what context), for example when they hurl the cow out of the castle in Monty pythons quest for the Holy Grail (15 cert).

Strict Teachers Produce Outstanding Students?

When coming to the discussion whether strict teachers can produce outstanding students, most of us must have our thumbs up and find it absurd and ludicrous if one claimed the famous Chinese saying is wrong. Undoubtedly, strict teachers have high expectation on their students and always demand them to do their best. Under such a strict confinement, students would become more obedient and disciplined. As a result, to a certain extent, students may have a better academic result since they follow what their teachers asked them to do.However, what is the true meaning of â€Å"outstanding†? From my point of view, an outstanding student should not only has good academic result or discipline, but more importantly, balanced development of a student should never be neglected. Therefore, based on the above definition, I cling to the view that strict teachers do not necessarily produce outstanding students. My views will be expressed as follows. First, strict teachers always constrict stu dents' daily activities.Students are requested to spend most of their time studying or doing a host of homework which are assigned by their teachers. Thus, they will have fewer chances to participate in extra-curricular activities or engage in other learning experience. This includes doing exercise or voluntary works, which are vital parts in all-round education. Students' personal development would then be hindered and obviously, they cannot be outstanding on a social dimension. Another standpoint to be put forward is that students' thoughts will be restricted.Nowadays, it is not difficult to notice the significance of critical thinking among students. That's why the latest educational reform stresses on the importance of liberal studies because the previous educational system is too exam-oriented. Yet, strict teachers would ask their students to follow what they have said and refuse all the ideas from students. In this way, students may just follow suit as they are afraid of being punished by their teachers. Hence, they cannot learn how to think critically.This certainly violates the principle of education, let alone producing outstanding students. What is more, the harsh training methods of strict teachers, indisputably, are not suitable for all students. For students who cannot keep abreast of the progess under the harsh training, they may not be able to study efficiently and effectively. In worst case scenario, they might even give up their studies. Being too strict, therefore, cannot guarantee students to be outstanding.It really depends on whether students themselves can accept such kind of teaching methods or not. The teaching methods of strict teachers sound powerful but dreadful at the same time. Strict teachers do not infallibly produce outstanding students. It is essential for them to strike a balance between strict and lenient so diversified development of students can be fostered. I believe that when balanced development can be achieved, an †Å"outstanding† student would be produced.

Pablo Picasso - His Life and His Art Essay - 1222 Words

Pablo Picasso - His Life and His Art Pablo Ruiz y Picasso, painter, sculptor, and printmaker, was born in Malaga Spain on October 25, 1881 and died on April 8, 1973.Today he is considered to be one of the most influential and successful artists in history. Picasso contributed many things to 19th century and modern day art and his name is familiar to all those involved in the many different fields of art. Throughout the seven decades that Picasso produced artwork he used many different types of media. In each piece of art he produced he searched for new possibilities, invented images in them, and reflected events that were occurring in his world through his artwork. Picasso had many artistic influences in his life, including Cà ©zanne,†¦show more content†¦Between 1907 and 1914, Picasso collaborated with Georges Braque and together they produced a style known as Cubism. The period after World War I indicated an apparent return to the art of realism for Picasso as seen in a pencil drawing of 1915, Portrait of Vollard. This small work foretold Picassos renewed curiosity in descrip tive interpretation, which, for some time, ran parallel with cubism. During the 1920s, a growing sense of unease was expressed through Picassos work and a style shift started moving from Cubism to being closer to surrealism (an artistic movement of the early 20th century that stressed fantasy and the subconscious mind). Picassos most well known painting of this time is from 1937, called Guernica. (Grolier). In the last two decades of his life, Picasso became intrigued by earlier art. He based several paintings on works painters of the 1600s such as Rembrandt and Diego Velazquez, and the French artists of the 1800s, such as Delacroix and Manet. Picasso tried to break down their work, recompose it, and became even bolder in his methods and styles of painting (World Book). Picasso influenced artwork of the late 19th and early 20th Century in many ways. He encouraged other artists the explore painting pictures in just one basic colour or one certain colour grouping as most artists of the time painted in a wide spectrum of vibrant melodious colours or pastels. Picassos own exploration of this new idea was seen inShow MoreRelatedArt And The Modern Era And Impact The 20th Century1522 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Art is a human activity, the product of this activity or the idea that we are in fact deliberately targeting sense, emotions and intellect. Art and writing are different forms of expression but they both can convey the same intensity for the creator. Art can be used to express thoughts, emotions and feelings whereas writing is a form of expressing ideas and opinions. Pablo Picasso and Ernest Hemingway are those two names, which they don’t need to identification. TheyRead MoreEssay about Picasso and Cubism982 Words   |  4 PagesBraque, Picasso was responsible for the invention of cubism. Cubism is one of the most radical restructuring of the way that a work of art constructs its meaning. Cubism is a term that was derived from a reference made to geometric schemes and cubes. Cubism has been known as the first and the most influential of all movements in twentieth century art . Before Picasso did any cubism paintings, there were works exibititing a raw int ensity and violence due to his reading of non western art alignedRead MorePablo Picasso : A Father Of Art1439 Words   |  6 PagesClint Stephens Prof. Patrick A. Green ART 1030: 12 22 October 2015 Pablo Picasso: A Father of Art In 1881 the world was blessed with a legend whose name and work would be known for hundreds of years. Pablo Ruiz Picasso was born a Spaniard on October 25, 1881 in Mà ¡laga to â€Å"Josà © Ruiz Blasco, a teacher of drawing at the School of Fine Arts and Crafts and curator of the local museum, and Maria Picasso y Lopez† (Charles 5). The young boy’s thirst for art was relevant at a young age as he â€Å"manifestedRead MorePablo Picasso s Influence On Art1070 Words   |  5 Pagesof art, and art movements Pablo Picasso is probably the most important figure of 20th century. That means Pablo Picasso conquered western art is by storm. Who became very famous before the age of 50.Born in Spain, he becomes the most well-known name in modern art, with his unique style and view for artistic creation. His art made a big impact on the art world and that had been no other artists, prior to Picasso. He had lots of following of fans and critics who like his creation. Even his art c areerRead MorePablo Picasso Essay1216 Words   |  5 Pages Pablo Picasso One of the greatest most influential artists of the 20th century, and was considered radical. His name was, Pablo Diego Josà © Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno Marà ­a de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santà ­sima Trinidad Martyr Patricio Clito Ruiz y Picasso, but we all call him Pablo Picasso. His incredibly long name was supposed to honor relatives and saints. Picasso, the father of cubism, and is remembered as a prolific artist of the twentieth century. Pablo Picasso was born on OctoberRead MorePablo Picassos Guernica Essay1395 Words   |  6 PagesPablo Picasso. A household name to many - be it good or bad. Pablo Picasso is one of the most famous and influential artists of the 20th century. He is best known, as pablopicasso.org states, â€Å"for co-founding the cubist movement and for the wide variety of styles embodied in his work.† This was an odd progression considering the fact that most of his younger years were spent painting in a mostly realistic style. This all began to change around the 12th century, when Picasso began to push theRead MorePablo Picasso s Influence On Art1612 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction Through the years art has been regarded as a form of communication, emotion, a feeling or expression of ideas, by which we mean a person or convey something. This idea can be captured in a painting, sculpture or even through writing, which through their expressions disclose the most characteristic form of a culture. By century to century there has been many creative persons like writer, artist, composer who contributed to developmentRead MorePablo Picasso: Innovation and Genius Essay865 Words   |  4 PagesPablo Ruiz Picasso created many historic artifacts. The artist got his well known name (Picasso) after his mother. This man born on october 25th 1881, with two sisters Lola and Conchita. His sister Conchita at the age of 4 fatally died. When Pablo was 8 his interests in painting started to get him into actually painting. Since the artist had such talent he then at the age of 5 got drawing lessons in Malaga, and his father who is an art teacher supporte d that in every way. Artistic Prodigy, is whatRead MoreEssay about Pablo Picasso1158 Words   |  5 Pageshas his or her own style of painting. Each painting tells some sort of story or has some type of personal meaning to the artist. One of the most important figures in modern art is Pablo Picasso. Not only was Pablo Picasso a genius in the field of abstract art, but he also experimented with sculpting and ceramics. Pablo Picasso has taken the world to many places with his unique style of work which is why I believe he is considered to be a genius of the 20th century. Background Pablo Picasso, bornRead MorePablo Picasso- A Biography Essay1230 Words   |  5 PagesPablo Picasso was one of the most recognized and popular artist of all time. In Pablo’s paintings and other works of art, he would paint what he was passionate about and you can see his emotions take control throughout his paintings and other works of art. Pablo Picasso works of art include not only paintings but also prints, bronze sculptures, drawings, and ceramics. Picasso was one of the inventors of cubism. † Les Demoiselles dAvignon† is one of Picasso famous paintings; this is also one of